The national air and space agency of Japan is called the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), sometimes known as the “National Research and Development Agency Aerospace Research and Development Organization.”
On October 1st, 2003, JAXA was created with the union of three formerly distinct entities. In addition to conducting research, developing technology, and launching satellites into orbit, JAXA is also involved in many more complex projects, such as the exploration of asteroids and potential manned expeditions to the Moon. One JAXA is the organization’s motto, and its corporate tagline is Explore to Realize (formerly Reach for the Sky, Explore Space).
Spaceships for interplanetary communication base installations
- Usuda Deep Space Center, the first deep-space antenna built using beam-waveguide technology, is a spacecraft monitoring station in Saku, Nagano (formerly known as Usuda Town). For a long time, it was the only ground station in Japan for communication with interplanetary spacecraft in deep space. When it first went online in 1984, Mitsubishi Electric’s 64-meter antenna mostly used X- and S-band frequencies. MDSS would replace UDSC as the main antenna for JAXA’s Deep Space Network after it is finished in 2021.
- The Misasa Deep Space Station (MDSS), also located in Saku, Nagano (and less than a kilometer northwest of Usuda DSC), is also known as GREAT (Ground Station for Deep Space Exploration and Telecommunication). It was finished in 2021 at a cost of more than 10 billion Yen.
Successes
Prior to the founding of JAXA, ISAS’s space program had achieved the greatest success in the 1980s and 1990s in the area of X-ray astronomy. Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), which was used by the HALCA mission, has been another area of success for Japan. The study of the magnetosphere and other fields, such as solar observation, also contributed to success.
The area of communication satellite technology was where NASDA was most active. The first contract for a civilian communication satellite was, however, awarded to a Japanese company in 2005 because the country’s satellite market is entirely open. Climate observation on Earth is one of the NASDA’s other main priorities.
The 2008 John L. “Jack” Swigert Jr. Award for Space Exploration was given to JAXA by the Space Foundation.
Develop launches:- JAXA
In 1970, Japan used the ISAS L-4S rocket to launch its first satellite, Ohsumi. The NASDA developed larger liquid-fueled rockets, while ISAS used smaller solid-fueled launch vehicles before the merger. When it first started out, NASDA employed models that were legally American.
The H-II, which was unveiled in 1994, was the first liquid-fueled launch vehicle model developed in Japan on an individual basis. Nevertheless, criticism of Japanese rocket technology started to surface towards the end of the 1990s after two H-II launch failures.
Stress issues led to the failure of Japan’s first JAXA-sponsored space mission, an H-IIA rocket launch on November 29, 2003. A satellite was successfully launched by JAXA using an H-IIA rocket from Tanegashima Space Center on February 26, 2005, following a 15-month delay.
The HTV-1 cargo was successfully delivered to the International Space Station by the first H-IIB rocket on September 10, 2009, in order to replenish it.
JAXA created a new solid-fueled rocket
JAXA created a new solid-fueled rocket called the Epsilon to replace the M-V, which was retired, in order to be able to launch smaller missions. In 2013, the first flight took off successfully. Four launches of the rocket have occurred so far with no launch failures.
A small satellite was launched into orbit atop one of JAXA’s SS520 class rockets in January 2017, but the mission was unsuccessful. A four kilogram CubeSat was successfully launched into orbit by a second attempt on February 2, 2018, according to the results. It is the smallest orbital launcher in the entire globe, known as the SS-520-5.
In an effort to replace the H-IIA series and phase it out, JAXA sent an H3 rocket to Tanegashima Space Center in January 2021 to start launch trials.
